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标题栏

我们的应用程序使用了Gtk::HeaderBar而不是普通的窗口标题栏。标题栏是窗口的直接子项，其类型为titlebar。这些由window.ui文件进行设置。

在这里我们对标题栏进行了两个小的更改。decoration-layout属性在window.ui文件中设置，使标题栏只显示关闭按钮，并隐藏最小化和最大化按钮。我们还在资源文件中包含了一个图标，并将其设置为窗口图标。在ExampleAppWindow的构造函数中：

Gtk::IconTheme::get_for_display(get_display())->add_resource_path("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp");
set_icon_name("exampleapp");

现在应用程序看起来如下所示：

Figure 29-9 标题栏

window.ui文件设置了标题栏标题，但是此标题未显示。这是因为堆切换器是title的子类型。此时堆切换器成为了自定义标题并将正常的标题标签隐藏。

源代码

File: exampleapplication.h (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step4/exampleapplication.h"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step4

File: exampleappprefs.h (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step5/exampleappprefs.h"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: exampleappwindow.h (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step8/exampleappwindow.h"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step8

File: main.cc (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step5/main.cc"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: exampleappwindow.cc (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "exampleappwindow.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <set>

ExampleAppWindow::ExampleAppWindow(BaseObjectType* cobject,
  const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder>& refBuilder)
: Gtk::ApplicationWindow(cobject),
  m_refBuilder(refBuilder),
  m_settings(),
  m_stack(nullptr),
  m_search(nullptr),
  m_searchbar(nullptr),
  m_searchentry(nullptr),
  m_gears(nullptr),
  m_sidebar(nullptr),
  m_words(nullptr),
  m_lines(nullptr),
  m_lines_label(nullptr),
  m_binding_search_enabled(),
  m_binding_lines_visible()
{
  // Get widgets from the Gtk::Builder file.
  m_stack = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Stack>("stack");
  if (!m_stack)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"stack\" object in window.ui");

  m_search = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::ToggleButton>("search");
  if (!m_search)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"search\" object in window.ui");

  m_searchbar = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::SearchBar>("searchbar");
  if (!m_searchbar)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"searchbar\" object in window.ui");

  m_searchentry = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::SearchEntry>("searchentry");
  if (!m_searchentry)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"searchentry\" object in window.ui");

  m_gears = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::MenuButton>("gears");
  if (!m_gears)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"gears\" object in window.ui");

  m_sidebar = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Revealer>("sidebar");
  if (!m_sidebar)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"sidebar\" object in window.ui");

  m_words = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::ListBox>("words");
  if (!m_words)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"words\" object in window.ui");

  m_lines = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Label>("lines");
  if (!m_lines)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"lines\" object in window.ui");

  m_lines_label = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Label>("lines_label");
  if (!m_lines_label)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"lines_label\" object in window.ui");

  // Bind settings.
  m_settings = Gio::Settings::create("org.gtkmm.exampleapp");
  m_settings->bind("transition", m_stack->property_transition_type());
  m_settings->bind("show-words", m_sidebar->property_reveal_child());

  // Bind properties of the search button to the search bar.
  m_binding_search_enabled = Glib::Binding::bind_property(m_search->property_active(),
    m_searchbar->property_search_mode_enabled(), Glib::Binding::Flags::BIDIRECTIONAL);

  // Connect signal handlers.
  m_searchentry->signal_search_changed().connect(
    sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed));
  m_stack->property_visible_child().signal_changed().connect(
    sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_visible_child_changed));
  m_sidebar->property_reveal_child().signal_changed().connect(
    sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_reveal_child_changed));

  // Connect the menu to the MenuButton m_gears, and bind the show-words setting
  // to the win.show-words action and the "Words" menu item.
  // (The connection between action and menu item is specified in gears_menu.ui.)
  auto menu_builder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/gears_menu.ui");
  auto menu = menu_builder->get_object<Gio::MenuModel>("menu");
  if (!menu)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"menu\" object in gears_menu.ui");

  m_gears->set_menu_model(menu);
  add_action(m_settings->create_action("show-words"));

  // Bind the "visible" property of m_lines to the win.show-lines action, to
  // the "Lines" menu item and to the "visible" property of m_lines_label.
  add_action(Gio::PropertyAction::create("show-lines", m_lines->property_visible()));
  m_binding_lines_visible = Glib::Binding::bind_property(m_lines->property_visible(),
    m_lines_label->property_visible());

  // Set the window icon.
  Gtk::IconTheme::get_for_display(get_display())->add_resource_path("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp");
  set_icon_name("exampleapp");
}

//static
ExampleAppWindow* ExampleAppWindow::create()
{
  // Load the Builder file and instantiate its widgets.
  auto refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/window.ui");

  auto window = Gtk::Builder::get_widget_derived<ExampleAppWindow>(refBuilder, "app_window");
  if (!window)
    throw std::runtime_error("No \"app_window\" object in window.ui");

  return window;
}

void ExampleAppWindow::open_file_view(const Glib::RefPtr<Gio::File>& file)
{
  const Glib::ustring basename = file->get_basename();

  auto scrolled = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::ScrolledWindow>();
  scrolled->set_expand(true);
  auto view = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::TextView>();
  view->set_editable(false);
  view->set_cursor_visible(false);
  scrolled->set_child(*view);
  m_stack->add(*scrolled, basename, basename);

  auto buffer = view->get_buffer();
  try
  {
    char* contents = nullptr;
    gsize length = 0;
    
    file->load_contents(contents, length);
    buffer->set_text(contents, contents+length);
    g_free(contents);
  }
  catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
  {
    std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::open_file_view(\"" << file->get_parse_name()
      << "\"):\n  " << ex.what() << std::endl;
    return;
  }

  auto tag = buffer->create_tag();
  m_settings->bind("font", tag->property_font());
  buffer->apply_tag(tag, buffer->begin(), buffer->end());

  m_search->set_sensitive(true);
  update_words();
  update_lines();
}

void ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed()
{
  const auto text = m_searchentry->get_text();
  if (text.empty())
    return;

  auto tab = dynamic_cast<Gtk::ScrolledWindow*>(m_stack->get_visible_child());
  if (!tab)
  {
    std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed(): No visible child." << std::endl;
    return;
  }

  auto view = dynamic_cast<Gtk::TextView*>(tab->get_child());
  if (!view)
  {
    std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed(): No visible text view." << std::endl;
    return;
  }

  // Very simple-minded search implementation.
  auto buffer = view->get_buffer();
  Gtk::TextIter match_start;
  Gtk::TextIter match_end;
  if (buffer->begin().forward_search(text, Gtk::TextSearchFlags::CASE_INSENSITIVE,
      match_start, match_end))
  {
    buffer->select_range(match_start, match_end);
    view->scroll_to(match_start);
  }
}

void ExampleAppWindow::on_visible_child_changed()
{
  m_searchbar->set_search_mode(false);
  update_words();
  update_lines();  
}

void ExampleAppWindow::on_find_word(const Gtk::Button* button)
{
  m_searchentry->set_text(button->get_label());
}

void ExampleAppWindow::on_reveal_child_changed()
{
  update_words();
}

void ExampleAppWindow::update_words()
{
  auto tab = dynamic_cast<Gtk::ScrolledWindow*>(m_stack->get_visible_child());
  if (!tab)
    return;

  auto view = dynamic_cast<Gtk::TextView*>(tab->get_child());
  if (!view)
  {
    std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::update_words(): No visible text view." << std::endl;
    return;
  }
  auto buffer = view->get_buffer();

  // Find all words in the text buffer.
  std::set<Glib::ustring> words;
  auto start = buffer->begin();
  Gtk::TextIter end;
  while (start)
  {
    while (start && !start.starts_word())
      ++start;

    if (!start)
      break;

    end = start;
    end.forward_word_end();
    if (start == end)
      break;

    auto word = buffer->get_text(start, end, false);
    words.insert(word.lowercase());
    start = end;
  }

  // Remove old children from the ListBox.
  while (auto child = m_words->get_first_child())
    m_words->remove(*child);

  // Add new child buttons, one per unique word.
  for (const auto& word : words)
  {
    auto row = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::Button>(word);
    row->signal_clicked().connect(sigc::bind(sigc::mem_fun(*this,
      &ExampleAppWindow::on_find_word), row));
    m_words->append(*row);
  }
}

void ExampleAppWindow::update_lines()
{
  auto tab = dynamic_cast<Gtk::ScrolledWindow*>(m_stack->get_visible_child());
  if (!tab)
    return;

  auto view = dynamic_cast<Gtk::TextView*>(tab->get_child());
  if (!view)
  {
    std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::update_lines(): No visible text view." << std::endl;
    return;
  }
  auto buffer = view->get_buffer();

  int count = 0;
  auto iter = buffer->begin();
  while (iter)
  {
    ++count;
    if (!iter.forward_line())
      break;
  }
  m_lines->set_text(Glib::ustring::format(count));
}

File: exampleappprefs.cc (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step5/exampleappprefs.cc"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: exampleapplication.cc (For use with gtkmm 4)

#include "../step5/exampleapplication.cc"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: exampleapp.gresource.xml (For use with gtkmm 4)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gresources>
  <gresource prefix="/org/gtkmm/exampleapp">
    <file preprocess="xml-stripblanks">window.ui</file>
    <file preprocess="xml-stripblanks">gears_menu.ui</file>
    <file preprocess="xml-stripblanks">prefs.ui</file>
    <file>exampleapp.png</file>
  </gresource>
</gresources>

File: window.ui (For use with gtkmm 4)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="app_window">
    <property name="title" translatable="yes">Example Application</property>
    <property name="default-width">600</property>
    <property name="default-height">400</property>
    <property name="hide-on-close">True</property>
    <child type="titlebar">
      <object class="GtkHeaderBar" id="header">
        <property name="decoration-layout">icon:close</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkLabel" id="lines_label">
            <property name="visible">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">Lines:</property>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkLabel" id="lines">
            <property name="visible">False</property>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child type="title">
          <object class="GtkStackSwitcher" id="tabs">
            <property name="stack">stack</property>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child type="end">
          <object class="GtkToggleButton" id="search">
            <property name="sensitive">False</property>
            <property name="icon-name">edit-find-symbolic</property>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child type="end">
          <object class="GtkMenuButton" id="gears">
            <property name="direction">none</property>
          </object>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkBox" id="content_box">
        <property name="orientation">vertical</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkSearchBar" id="searchbar">
            <child>
              <object class="GtkSearchEntry" id="searchentry">
              </object>
            </child>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkBox" id="hbox">
            <child>
              <object class="GtkRevealer" id="sidebar">
                <property name="transition-type">slide-right</property>
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkScrolledWindow" id="sidebar-sw">
                    <property name="hscrollbar-policy">never</property>
                    <child>
                      <object class="GtkListBox" id="words">
                        <property name="selection-mode">none</property>
                      </object>
                    </child>
                  </object>
                </child>
              </object>
            </child>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkStack" id="stack">
                <property name="transition-duration">500</property>
              </object>
            </child>
          </object>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>
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