JHBuild and GNOME

This section provides guidance on building, installing and running GNOME.

3.1. GNOME erstellen

To build GNOME some development packages are required. This includes:

  • XML-DTD und XSLT-Stilvorlagen von DocBook. Diese müssen im XML-Katalog registriert sein (/etc/xml/catalog).

  • X-Bibliotheken

  • libsmbclient aus Samba (wird zum Durchsuchen von Windows-Netzwerken verwendet).

  • libbz2 aus bzip2.

  • libpng, libjpeg und libtiff (verwendet zum Laden von Bildern).

If installing distribution packages, and if applicable for your distribution, install the corresponding “dev” or “devel” packages. A list of package names for different distributions is maintained on the GNOME wiki.

3.2. Running GNOME

Create a new user account to run the JHBuild GNOME. Running JHBuild GNOME using different user account is recommended to avoid problems caused by user settings stored in the home directory. This manual refers to the new account as gnomedev.

Setup JHBuild on the new gnomedev account. Copy or soft-link ~/.jhbuildrc and ~/.local/bin/jhbuild to gnomedev home directory.

Open a terminal as the user gnomedev. Permanently add ~/.local/bin to the PATH variable, run the following command:

$ echo PATH=$PATH:~/.local/bin >> ~/.bashrc

Test JHBuild works:

$ jhbuild run pkg-config gtk+-2.0 --modversion
2.20.1

There are three different methods to run JHBuild GNOME:

  1. Nested window (recommended).
  2. Display manager.

3.2.1. Setup GNOME to run in a nested window

Build and install JHBuild GNOME.

Install the Xephyr application. On Fedora the system package is called xorg-x11-server-Xephyr, on Ubuntu and Debian the system package is called xserver-xephyr.

Test Xephyr works:

$Xephyr -ac -screen 800x600 :1 2> /dev/null &

If successful, a window with black background will be displayed. Close the Xephyr window.

Enable system services. JHBuild GNOME will use the /usr/bin system D-Bus daemon and the system services within /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/. JHBuild GNOME will use the JHBuild session D-Bus daemon and the services within /opt/gnome2/share/dbus-1/services/. Replace /opt/gnome2 with GNOME install prefix in the command below:

$rm -rf /opt/gnome2/var/run/dbus
$ln -s /var/run/dbus /opt/gnome2/var/run

Create a GNOME startup script at ~/.local/bin/gnome-jhbuild-xephyr-session with the following, replacing /opt/gnome2 with GNOME install prefix:

#!/bin/sh

GNOME=/opt/gnome2
 
GDK_USE_XFT=1
XDG_DATA_DIRS=$XDG_DATA_DIRS:$GNOME/share
XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:$GNOME/etc/xdg

jhbuild run gnome-session

Make the file ~/.local/bin/gnome-jhbuild-xephyr-session executable:

$chmod u+x ~/.local/bin/gnome-jhbuild-xephyr-session

3.2.2. Running GNOME in a nested window

Open a terminal as the user gnomedev.

Run Xephyr:

#Xephyr -ac -screen 800x600 :1 2> /dev/null &

Set the DISPLAY environment variable:

#export DISPLAY=:1

Start GNOME:

#gnome-jhbuild-xephyr-session

If successful, JHBuild GNOME will be displayed in Xephyr window. If unsuccessful, check the output of the terminal window.

3.2.3. Setup GNOME to run from the display manager

Build and install JHBuild GNOME.

Enable system services. JHBuild GNOME will use the /usr/bin system D-Bus daemon and the system services within /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/. JHBuild GNOME will use the JHBuild session D-Bus daemon and the services within /opt/gnome2/share/dbus-1/services/. Replace /opt/gnome2 with GNOME install prefix in the command below:

$rm -rf /opt/gnome2/var/run/dbus
$ln -s /var/run/dbus /opt/gnome2/var/run

Create a GNOME startup script at /usr/bin/gnome-jhbuild-session with the following, replacing /opt/gnome2 with GNOME install prefix:

#!/bin/sh

GNOME=/opt/gnome2
 
GDK_USE_XFT=1
XDG_DATA_DIRS=$XDG_DATA_DIRS:$GNOME/share
XDG_CONFIG_DIRS=$XDG_CONFIG_DIRS:$GNOME/etc/xdg

jhbuild run gnome-session

Make the file /usr/bin/gnome-jhbuild-session executable:

$chmod a+x /usr/bin/gnome-jhbuild-session

Um einen neuen Sitzungseintrag für das Anmeldefenster anzulegen, erstellen Sie die Datei /usr/share/xsessions/gnome-jhbuild.desktop und geben Sie ein:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=GNOME (JHBuild)
Comment=This session logs you into GNOME testing session
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-jhbuild-session
Exec=/usr/bin/gnome-jhbuild-session
Icon=
Type=Application

Restart gdm.

3.2.4. Running GNOME from the display manager

To run the JHBuild GNOME, select the GNOME (JHBuild) session at the display manager before entering gnomedev login credentials. If successful, JHBuild GNOME will be displayed. If unsuccessful, check the log within the ~gnomedev/.xsession-errors file.