Χρώμα
Το χρώμα είναι ένα εξαιρετικό εργαλείο για τη μεταφορά πληροφοριών σε μία διεπαφή χρήστη. Για παράδειγμα, μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για:
- ενίσχυση της εμφάνισης και της αίσθησης μίας επιφάνειας εργασίας προστίθοντας ένα θέμα
- τονισμός μίας δυναμικής ειδοποίησης σε μία εφαρμογή διαχείρισης συστήματος
- έμφαση ενός στοιχείου σε μία μακρά λίστα για να επισπεύδει τη σάρωση
- προσθήκη λεπτομερειών αισθητικής ευχαρίστησης σε ένα εικονίδιο
However, color should always be regarded as a useful addition to your design, not as a necessity. Never depend upon colors alone to display important information, and keep in mind that if colors cannot be perceived correctly (for example, the user has an 8-bit system, or is color-blind), your application should still be usable.
- 8.1.1. Παλέτα
- 8.1.2. Απόχρωση, φωτεινότητα, αντίθεση
8.1.1. Παλέτα
A 32-color palette has been developed for the GNOME desktop. The palette may be downloaded from http://developer.gnome.org/projects/gup/images/ximian-palette. To use it in The GIMP, save it to your ~/.gimp_1.2/palettes folder, and restart The GIMP. A single, consistently-used palette helps give a unified look and feel to the desktop while minimizing visual distractions. If you need a color that is darker or lighter than the colors in this basic palette (e.g., for anti-aliasing), choose a color that is closest to the hue you need, then darken or lighten as required.

Χρώμα | Description | RGB | Hex | Χρώμα | Description | RGB | Hex |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Βασικό 3Δ έντονο | 234 232 227 | #EAE8E3 | ![]() |
Βασικό 3Δ μεσαίο | 186 181 171 | #BAB5AB |
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Βασικό 3Δ σκούρο | 128 125 116 | #807D74 | ![]() |
3D με σκιά | 86 82 72 | #565248 |
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Έντονο πράσινο | 197 210 200 | #C5D2C8 | ![]() |
Μεσαίο πράσινο | 131 166 127 | #83A67F |
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Σκούρο πράσινο | 93 117 85 | #5D7555 | ![]() |
Πράσινο με σκιά | 68 86 50 | #445632 |
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Έντονο κόκκινο | 224 182 175 | #E0B6AF | ![]() |
Μεσαίο κόκκινο | 193 102 90 | #C1665A |
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Σκούρο κόκκινο | 136 70 49 | #884631 | ![]() |
Κόκκινο με σκιά | 102 56 34 | #663822 |
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Έντονο μοβ | 173 167 200 | #ADA7C8 | ![]() |
Μεσαίο μοβ | 136 127 163 | #887FA3 |
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Σκούρο μοβ | 98 91 129 | #625B81 | ![]() |
Μοβ με σκιά | 73 64 102 | #494066 |
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Έντονο μπλε | 157 184 210 | #9DB8D2 | ![]() |
Μεσαίο μπλε | 117 144 174 | #7590AE |
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Σκούρο μπλε | 75 105 131 | #4B6983 | ![]() |
Μπλε με σκιά | 49 78 108 | #314E6C |
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Δέρμα προσώπου έντονο | 239 224 205 | #EFE0CD | ![]() |
Δέρμα προσώπου μεσαίο | 224 195 158 | #E0C39E |
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Δέρμα προσώπου σκούρο | 179 145 105 | #B39169 | ![]() |
Δέρμα προσώπου με σκιά | 130 102 71 | #826647 |
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Τόνος με κόκκινο | 223 66 30 | #DF421E | ![]() |
Τόνος με σκούρο κόκκινο | 153 0 0 | #990000 |
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Τόνος με κίτρινο | 238 214 128 | #EED680 | ![]() |
Τόνος με σκούρο κίτρινο | 209 148 12 | #D1940C |
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Τόνος με πράσινο | 70 160 70 | #46A046 | ![]() |
Τόνος με σκούρο πράσινο | 38 199 38 | #267726 |
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Άσπρο | 255 255 255 | #ffffff | ![]() |
Μαύρο | 0 0 0 | #000000 |
8.1.2. Απόχρωση, φωτεινότητα, αντίθεση
Users with vision disorders, such as color-blindness or low vision, require alternatives to default settings. A good user interface anticipates these needs by providing customizable preferences and support for accessible themes. Even better is an application that is already configured with carefully-chosen color and contrast defaults.
An estimated 11% of the world population has some sort of color-blindness. Those affected typically have trouble distinguishing between certain hues such as red and green (deuteranopia or protanopia), or blue and yellow (tritanopia). Therefore it is necessary to allow the user to customize colors in any part of your application that conveys important information. This means that your application must effectively convey information using just the colors from any theme that the user chooses.
A useful tool for reviewing information about color-blindness and checking legibility of images for color-blind users is Vischeck, an online tool that simulates the way an image or a website might appear to a user who has deuteranopia, protanopia, or tritanopia.
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Other users have more problems with contrast levels rather than hue on their screen. Some users require a high level of contrast between background and foreground colors, such as black on white, white on black, or some other high-contrast combination. Others can experience discomfort unless they use low-contrast settings, such as gray text on a lighter gray background.
You can meet these needs by ensuring your application supports the accessible GNOME themes (found in the gnome-themes module in cvs), which include high and low contrast themes, and large print themes. This means you must supply default and large sizes of high-, low- and regular-contrast icon sets with your application.
- Use the GNOME color palette. If you need a darker or lighter shade, start from one of the colors from the palette and darken or lighten as needed.
- Do not use color as the only means to distinguish items of information. All such information should be provided by at least one other method, such as shape, position or textual description.
- Ensure your application is not dependent on a particular theme. Test it with different themes, especially high and low contrast accessibility themes, which use fewer colors, to ensure your application respects the settings. For example, all text should appear in the foreground color against the background color specified in the chosen theme.
- Select colors carefully. When they need to be recognizably different, select the light colors from orange, yellow, green or blue-green, and darker colors from blue, violet, purple or red, as most people affected by color-blindness already see blue, violet, purple and red as darker than normal.